《双语时代》2007年第08期摘录:TRENDS&TOPICS1.
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TRENDS&TOPICS1.,Destinatlons警匿酽§,@!◎煎DenmarkismainlycomprisedofJyl—Iand,apeninsulaextendingfromnorth—ernGermany,Sjaelland,locatedontheeasternsideofJylland,andFyn,asmallislandinbetweenthetworegions.Ad-ditionally,GreenlandandtheFaroeIslandsfaIIundertheiurisdictionofDenmark.Approximately5.43millionpeopleliveinthiscountryofcontinu-ouslyfiatlandwhosehighestaltitudeonlyreaches173m.丹麦主要由日德兰半岛、西兰岛和菲英岛构成,当然,这还没有包括格陵兰岛和法罗岛。日德兰半岛和德国接壤,西兰岛位于日德兰半岛东部,菲英岛则位于日德兰半岛和西兰岛之间。丹麦人口543万,地势平坦,最高海拔只有173米。ItisbelievedthatKingHaroldBluetooth.whoreignedfrom935to985,wasthefirsttouniteDenmarkandtoChristian-izethecountry.Inthefirsthalfofthe11thcentury,KingKnuteannexedNor-wayandSweden,formingthe”North—ernSeaEmpire”.Althoughtheempirewasdissolvedin1042,Denmarkcontin-022Hml~ffAugust2007uedtomaintainitspowerandQueenMargrethe,whobecameitsleaderin1397,enactedatriplealliancebetweenDenmark,Norway,andSwedencalledtheKalmarUnion.据说,第一个统一丹麦的人是哈拉德二世,于935——985年问在位。在他统治期间,基督教成为丹麦的国教。11世纪上半叶,克鲁特王征服了挪威和瑞典,建立了“北海帝国”。该帝国于1042年瓦解,但丹麦继续保持着统治地位。1397年继位的玛格丽特女王签署了丹麦、挪威和瑞典三国联盟,即卡尔马联盟。DenmarkenjoyeditsgoldeneraduringthetimeofChristianIV,whoreignedfrom1588to1648.butcontinualwarswithSwedenprevioustothisperiodcausedstrainontheeconomyandaneventualdeclineinnationaIstrength.TheemergenceofNapoleonatthebeginningofthe19thcenturysawanoutbreakofwarsthroughoutEurope.DenmarktooksideswithFranceandfoughtagainstGreatBritain.su仟er-ingastunningdefeatandtheIossofpracticallyeverythingin1849withtheenactmentofanindependentconstitu-tion.ANationalMovementbegunbyEnricoDalgasduringthistimeservedasaturningpointforDenmark,Iead-ingthecountrytorecovery.DuringtheFirstWorldWar,Denmarkmaintainedneutrality.AlthoughDenmarksignedamutualnonaqqressiOntreatywithitsneighbour,Germany,itwasinvadedbytheGermanarmyin1940andfeIIun—deritsdomination.Afterbeingreleasedin1945.aliberationgovernmentwasfoundedandDenmarkbecameamem—berofNATOandeventuallyabandoneditsnonalignmentpolicy.Inthe1950s,DenmarkexperiencedachangefromanagriculturaIcountrytoanindustriaIcountryand,in1973,becamethefirstNorthernEuropeancountrytobecomeamemberoftheEC.Inaddition,sincethe1960’sDenmarkhasenactedsocialwelfarepoliciesinavigorousmanne~establishingasophisticatedwelfaresystematanearlystageandservmgasarolemodelforJapanandothercoun—tries.丹麦的黄金时期是克里斯蒂安四世(1588——1648年间在位)统治时期。但是,由于早年对瑞典的长期战争,使丹麦的国力遭到极大削弱。19世纪初,拿破仑的出现导致了欧洲的全面战争。当时,丹麦和法国共同抗击大不列颠,结果一败涂地。1849年,丹麦颁布独立宪法,结束了世袭君主制。与此同时,恩里科·道格拉斯开始了一场民族运动。这场运动导致了丹麦的复兴,成为丹麦历史的转折点。一战期间,丹麦保持中立。尽管丹麦与邻国德国签署了互不侵犯条约,但还是在1940年遭到侵略,沦为德国的殖民地。1945年,丹麦摆脱了德国的统治,成立了解放政府,成为北大西洋公约组织成员
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