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Panorama氛骥V罄粼镬蔷囊鬻罐’鬟篱嚣l鬻魏霪鬟簧霪T璧蠖》瓣AL《，曜黟虢』TtltT鬻熊黧翼簧鞠螽黼生潺ThetraditionalcourtyardwevisitedisNo12，DaJinsiHutong.TheownerofthecourtyardisaMr.Jing.descendentofZhengHuangQioftheMan—churianEightBanners.Hehassetuphiscourtyardforvisitors，andwhenvisitorsar—rivehetellsthemofthefascinatinghistoryofthedwelIing.Besidesthehousewhereheliveswithhiswifeandchlld，therestofthehouseshavebeenconvertedintoguestroomsforforeignvisitors.Accord—ingtoMr.Jing，thiscourt—yardseesforeignvisitorsarriveallyearlong.SomeofthemaretravellinginChinaorhavecometostudyChi—nese.Theinternationalstu—dentswhotakethechancetochatwithMr.JingandhisfamilyallfindsoonerorlaterthattheirChinesehasimprovedgreatly.Now,courtyardsarelocatedonthefoursides：thenorthdwellingisthemainroomforthepar—ents，theroomsinthesouthfortheservantsandthoseintheeastandwestarewingroomsforsonanddaughterseparately.Allofthehousesareconjoinedwithhighwallswithonlyonegateonthefront.Inthecenterofthecourtyardisanopenyardwithtreesandflowers，andoftengoldfishinabowl.IntheQingDynastytherewasasayingcon—cerningcourtyarddwellings，outliningallthenecessaryingredientsforahappylifethere：Suncanopy,goldfishbowl，pomegran—atetree，lord，afatdogandaplumpmaid.amansionandagarden.Ihearchitectureispositionedtotheeast，thewestandonthetwopointsofthecompassrunningbe—tweenthem.Eachsectioniscomposedofcourtyardswithmultipleentrances，strictlylocatedonasouth—northaxle.Whenonestrollsinthegarden，thereisalmostafeel—ingofenteringaworldofmountainsandrivers，withsomanytallagedtreesandfairystonesdottedhereandthere.Aswel}astheminiaturehillsandriversrunningthelengthofthewholegarden，thereareelegantpavil—ions，stagesandelegantwoodenhouses.Thelongcurvingpathsguidethevisitoraroundallthesplendidsightsofthegarden.ManyMr.JingcanalsointroducehiscourtyardtothevisitorsinalmostfluentEnglish.ThetraditionalquadranglecourtyardisatypicaldwellingofthenativepeopleofBeijing，andcanbetracedbacktotheLiaoDynasty(10thand11thcentury).Thequad—ranglecourtyardsarebuiltaccordingtothefourpointsofthecompass：north，south，eastandwest.Thehutongusuallyextendsfromeasttowest，withthefrontoftheCOUrtyardmostsoutherly.Thus，thelodgingsofthe_、4双谱时代J。)nU(刈2007AnotherquadranglecourtyardcertainlyworthavisitisthecourtyardofGongWangFu，orthehouseofLoyalHighnessGong.ItisthelargestquadranglecourtyardinBeijingandalsothemostwell—preservedmansionofapersonofthisstaturefromtheQingDynasty.Themansionwasoriginallybuiltin1788.FormerlyitwasthepropertyofHeShen，themostpowerfulandregalofficialtoEmperorQianLongandthenofYongLin，theyoungerbrotherofEmperorJiaQing.Thiscourtyardconsistsoftwomainparts：foreignerscometovisitthefamouscourtyardanditsgardenandarecurioustohearoftheancienttalesex—istingabouthegreenhills，rivers，curvingroadsandtranquilhouses.锤一进大门，迎面而来的就是影壁。影壁意在把那些邪恶的东西挡在门外，不让庚气进得屋来.也因此，影壁正对着大门，而二门跟影壁呈九十度。从屋里出来，得拐～拐才出得了大门，这也有包含住家里的祥和之气与财气的意思。