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  • 《中国医药工业杂志》2005年第9期摘录:·550·有显著的保护作用[s

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·550·有显著的保护作用[s-4]。因其在冷冻过程中能与水形成低共熔混合物或玻璃态物质,抑制冰晶的生长,使冰晶以无定形或微晶的状态存在,从而降低其对纳米粒的挤压和机械损伤作用[引。同时还可降低由于冰晶形成所致的浓度局部增大。冻干保护剂还可在干燥过程中起到支撑剂作用,避免纳米粒的相互聚集。冻干保护剂多为多羟基糖类或多元醇类物质,可通过羟基与纳米粒表面基团形成氢键,从而在脱水过程中替代水的作用,抑制纳米粒的聚集[引。3.2高温试验中,1纳米粒的聚集现象尤为显著,以致粒径无法测定。原因可能与两方面因素有关。海藻糖在冻干过程中主要以无定形状态存在|7],这是一种高能的亚稳定状态。在贮存过程中,该状态的海藻糖会逐渐转变为更稳定的二水物,从而削弱与纳米粒之间的氢键缔合作用,并改变冻干品中的水分分布,影响纳米粒粒径的稳定。这种二水化作用的反应速率随温度升高加快,在40~60℃问反应速率常数符合Arrhenius方程[8l。另外,EudragitS100的玻璃化转变温度(瓦=43.7℃)也会影响纳米粒的稳定性。当环境温度接近或高于瓦时,载体的黏性和弹性增大,加速纳米粒的聚集。参考文献:[1]DaiJ,NagaiLWangX,eta1.pH—Sensitivenanoparticlesfor中国医药工业杂志ChineseJournalofPharmaceuticals2005,36(9)[2][3][4][5][6][7][8]improvingtheoralbioavailabilityofcyclosporineA[J].觑f.,Pharm,2004,280(1—2):229—240.张亚美,王新锡.注射用细胞色素丙、辅酶A、三磷酸腺苷的共熔点及冻干曲线[J].中国医药工业杂志,1983,14(3):10—14.ChaconM,MolpeceresJ,BergesL,eta1.Stabilityandfreeze—dryingofcyclosporineloadedpoly(dl—lactide—glycolide)carriers[J].EurJPharmSci,1999,8(2):99—107.SaezA,GuzmanM,MolpeceresJ,甜a1.Freeze—dryingofpolycaprolactoneandpoly(D,L—lactic—glycolic)nanoparticlesinduceminorparticlesizechangesaffectingtheoralpharmaco—kineticsofloadeddrugs[J].EurJPharmBiopharm,2000,50(3):379—387.HancockB,ZoografiG.Characteristicsandsignificanceoftheamorphousstateinpharmaceuticalsystems[J].JPharmSci,1997,86(1):1一11.LiaoYH,BrownMB,QuaderA,eta1.Protectivemechanismofstabilizingexcipientsagainstdehydrationinthefreeze—dryingofproteins[J].PharmRes,2002,19(12):1854—1861.PyneA,SuranaR,SuryanarayananR.CrystallizatiOnOfmannitolbelowTg’duringfreeze—dryinginbinaryandternaryaqueoussystems[J].PharmRes,2002,19(6):901—908.TaylorL,YorkEEffectofparticlesizeandtemperatureonthedehydrationkineticsoftrehalosedihydrate[J].IntJPharm,1998.167(1—2):215—221.EffectofFreeze—dryingonParticleSizeofpHSensitiveNanoparticlesLoadedCyclosporinADAIJun—Dong。,ZHANGTao。,WANGXue—Qing’,MENGMeng。,ZHANGQiang’。(1.Dept.ofPharmaceutics.SchoolofPharmaceuticalSciences.PekingUniversity,Beijing1000832.InstituteofPharmaceutics,NorthChinaPharmaceuticalGroupCo.Ltd.,Shijiazhuang050015)ABSTRACT:TheinfluencesofVariOUSkindsanddifferentconcentrationsoflyoprotectantontheparticlesizestabilityoflyophilizedpHsensitivenanoparticlesloadedcyclosporinAwereinvestigated.Theresultsshowedthatthelyophilizednanoparticlespreparedwithtrehaloseaslyoprotectanthadbetterparticlesizestability.Thediameteroftherehydrationlyophilizednanoparticlescontaining5%and20%trehalosewassignificantlyincreasedafterstoredundertheconditionsof45001xexposure,temperatureof40~Candhighhumidityfor5days.Theassemblyphenomenonofthenanoparticlesstoredat40~Cwasespeciallyobvious,SOthatthediametercouldn’tbemeasured.KeyWords:cyclosporinA:pHsensitivenanoparticles;freeze—drying;lyoprotectant;trehalose

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